江西科学

空气质量是影响城市居民和游客出行的重要因素,当前城市气候舒适度评价指标缺少空气质量因素。以假日气候指数为基础,顾及空气质量因素,构建城市气候舒适度指数模型。研究相关气候变量评分评级标准,并采用层次分析法赋予权重。结合城市气候舒适度指数模型与各气象站点数据计算中国大陆384个城市2015—2023年城市气候舒适度日值,将城市气候舒适期定义为UCI≥75的天数,加权求和得到气候舒适期的年平均分布态势和季节变化。研究表明:1)在2015至2023年间,年均我国城市气候舒适期大约为128 d;2)空气质量对华北地区城市气候舒适度影响较大;3)春秋两季舒适期较短的区域主要集中在气温相对较低的高纬度地区以及高海拔的青藏高原地区。该方法为我国未来的城市气候舒适度研究提供了建议与支持。

Air quality is an important factor affecting the travelling of urban residents and tourists,and the current urban climate comfort evaluation index lacks air quality factors.Based on the holiday climate index,the paper incorporates air quality factors to construct an urban climate comfort index model(UCI).It studied the scoring and rating criteria of relevant climate variables and assigns weights using hierarchical analysis.By combining the urban climate comfort index model with the data from various meteorological stations,the daily values of urban climate comfort from 2015 to 2023 in 384 cities in China's mainland were calculated.The urban climate comfort periods were defined as the days with UCI ≥ 75,and the annual average distribution pattern and seasonal variation of the climate comfort period were obtained through weighted summation.The results show:1)the annual average urban climate comfort period in China was about 128 days during the period from 2015 to 2023;2)air quality has a greater impact on urban climate comfort in North China;3)the regions with shorter comfort periods in spring and autumn are mainly concentrated in high-latitude areas with relatively low temperatures and the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau region.This method provides insights and support for future urban climate comfort studies in China.