江西科学

赣江是鄱阳湖第一大支流，也是鱼类重要栖息和繁殖场所。随着赣江梯级枢纽的逐步建成运行，鱼类栖息繁殖的生境条件发生一定变化。为掌握赣江中游鱼类群落结构特征，了解主要梯级峡江水利枢纽对鱼类资源的影响，也为即将实施的赣江干流全面禁捕积累基础资料，于2022年在赣江中游开展鱼类资源调查。研究共调查到鱼类77种，隶属5目11科49属，其中，鲤科鱼类物种数量最多，占比64.94%。主要优势种为银鮈、鳙、似鳊和鳊。不同水域鱼类群落差异明显，整体上，峡江坝下江段鱼类多样性水平最高，主要得益于该江段紧邻已全面实施禁捕的峡江段四大家鱼种质资源保护区，同时该河段在大部分时段仍保持自然流水特征，能够满足不同类型鱼类栖息繁殖需求，建议重点保护。

Ganjiang river is the largest tributary of Poyang Lake, and it is also an important habitat and breeding site for fish. With the gradual establishment and operation of Ganjiang river cascade hub, the conditions of fish habitat and reproduction have changed. In order to grasp the characteristics of fish community structure in the middle reaches of the Ganjiang river, understand the impact of the main cascading Xiajiang water conservancy project on fish resources, and accumulate basic data for the upcoming total ban on fishing in the main stream of the Ganjiang river, a survey of fish resources in the middle reaches of the Ganjiang river was carried out in 2022. A total of 77 fish species were investigated, belonging to 5 orders, 11 families and 49 genera, among which the number of carp fish species was the largest, accounting for 64.94%. The dominant species are Squalidus argentatus,Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Pseudobrama simoni and Parabramis pekinensis. There are obvious differences in fish communities in different waters. On the whole, the lower part of Xiajiangba has the highest level of fish diversity, mainly due to the fact that it is close to the four fish germplasm resources reserve of Xiajiang Section, which has been completely banned from fishing. At the same time, this part of the river still maintains natural water characteristics during most of the time, which can meet the habitat and breeding needs of different types of fish, so it is recommended to focus on protection.