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厘清磷-铀共生矿化成因机理对深化地质过程认知、指导资源综合利用与环境保护至关重要。该综述聚焦于阐明我国磷和铀资源的共生成矿规律。通过系统梳理前人文献,整合分析磷-铀共生机制、矿床类型、时空分布特征、物质来源及关键控矿要素。认为磷-铀成矿可分为四类:原生沉积型、热液改造型、表生富集型与多成因叠加型。我国磷铀共生矿床以原生沉积型为主,集中分布于扬子地台西缘及华南褶皱系。磷矿形成受控于特定海洋氧化窗口期,铀矿富集则与多期次构造-热液活动耦合;空间分布受古地理格局及构造域分异控制:磷矿富集于古海盆沉积区,铀矿则定位于构造活化带。成矿物质具深部幔源与陆壳风化双重来源,关键控矿因素为热液流体活动、构造通道及氧化还原界面。磷伴生铀作为重要非常规铀资源潜力显著,未来需重点推进其成矿机制与资源评价研究,为战略矿产综合勘查与评价提供科学依据。
Abstract：Clarifying the genetic mechanism of phosphorus-uranium(P-U) co-mineralization is essential for deepening the understanding of geological processes, guiding the comprehensive utilization of resources and environmental protection. This review focuses on clarifying the regularities of P-U co-mineralization within China. By systematically reviewing previous literature, it integrates analyses of P-U symbiotic mechanisms, deposit types, spatial-temporal distribution characteristics, material sources, and key ore-controlling factors. P-U mineralization can be categorized into four types: sedimentary type, hydrothermally altered type, supergene enrichment type, and polygenetic overprinting type. P-U deposits in China are dominated by the sedimentary type and are mainly concentrated along the western margin of the Yangtze Platform and within the South China Fold Belt. Phosphorus mineralization was dominantly controlled by specific ocean redox window periods during the geological past, while uranium enrichment was coupled with multi-stage tectonichydrothermal activities. The spatial distribution was constrained by paleogeographic patterns and structural domain differentiation: phosphorus enrichment zones were located in paleomarine basin sedimentary areas, whereas uranium mineralization was confined to tectonically activated belts. The ore-forming materials were derived from both deep mantle sources and continental crustal weathering. The key ore-controlling factors identified were hydrothermal fluid activity, structural conduits, and redox interfaces. Phosphorus-associated uranium represents an important unconventional uranium resource with significant potential. Future research should emphasize its metallogenic mechanisms and resource assessment, providing a scientific basis for the integrated exploration and evaluation of strategic mineral resources.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13990/j.issn1001-3679.2025.06.007
中图分类号:P619.14;P619.2
引用信息:
[1]杜金龙,严兆彬.多阶段地质过程控制下磷-铀共生机制研究进展[J].江西科学,2025,43(06):1056-1064.DOI:10.13990/j.issn1001-3679.2025.06.007.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC2906605）
2025-06-23
2025
2025-07-29
2025
1
2025-12-15
2025-12-15